Tuesday, April 04, 2006

Brasserie Les Halles - New York City

This restaurant is now well-known as a result of the efforts of Anthony Bourdain and his Les Halles Cookbook, which I have reviewed in a previous posting. Les Halles has two NYC locations. I visited the original one in Park Avenue twice in the last couple of weeks, preparing, I confess, to encounter something overexposed and oversold. I have to say it is neither.

For elegant décor, Les Halles is not the first place to look. The atmosphere is Stygian, and although it is now smoke-free, years of Gauloises are imprinted on the dark ceiling. The gloom is accentuated by wooden paneling and dim lighting. On my first visit the restaurant was not busy and seated us quickly. Next time we had to wait, despite a reservation, in the bustling foyer, beside the meat counter, dodging servers delivering meals to the glassed-in front area.

The menu is serious bistro fare – although broader in ambition than many Parisian brasseries. My first meal was with a group, which gave a good selection of appetizers to sample. The Foie Gras Poëlé aux Pommes featured foie gras from the Hudson Valley – a pairing of slightly tart apples balancing the rich liver. I had the Rilettes du Boucher – a generous helping of tasty pork and fat, on warm toast. My companions spoke well of the Escargots and the Terrine du Jour. My second visit I tried the Vol au Vent aux Champignons Sauvages - abundant mushrooms in a dark, woody sauce that had slightly too much salt.

The main courses showcase beef – although I was slightly disappointed by an absence of offal. Onglet or hanger steak is more frequent on menus now, and I was tempted to compare with my own. The steak was cut horizontally, as opposed to vertically across the section of the steak. This is the more traditionally correct approach used in France, but it yields a slightly tougher piece of meat to bite into. That said, this was cooked expertly and was accompanied by superb frites, dark and crunchy but soft-centered. If the light had been slightly better I could probably have seen the crystals of salt glistening on top.

On my second visit my wife had the Pieds de Cochon, and my son chose a Steak Tartare, experted put together at our table. The meat was tender without mushiness, and not overwhelmed by the accompanying raw egg, onion and brandy. The Paleron Béarnaise was also an opportunity to try a cut we don’t see in the US, and did not disappoint.

Les Halles makes a point of presenting American beef, which Anthony Bourdain rightly says is vastly superior to its French equivalent, as part of traditional French cuisine. Many bistros in France serve meat that is lamentably tough, so Les Halles offers a rare opportunity to occupy the two worlds at their best. The menu is packed with interesting choices, and selection is difficult. I would have liked to try the cassoulet, the choucroute and the duck.

The wine list is interesting and good value – fairly traditional in emphasis, with nods to both to less traveled regions such as Madiran, and to the expensive end of Bordeaux. We had two bottles of Pomerol one time and subsequently a bottle of Chateau Cardonne, a 2000 Médoc – an excellent wine at $45. The also have well-priced Sauternes by the half-bottle.

Les Halles is not a bank-breaker by any means – in fact for New York this is exceptional value. Three people can eat well for $140 plus tip. This kind of cooking owes more to craft than art and nothing to artifice. There is no solemn maitre d’ and a complete absence of bombast. Perhaps not an ideal first date place, particularly if one is trying to convey an impression of refined asceticism. People come here to eat, not to talk or be seen. In fact conversation is occasionally quite difficult and the tables are closely packed. Although brasserie cuisine is now common, even chic, it is not at all easy to do this kind of food well. Les Halles is probably not everyone’s idea of a great restaurant, but to me it is represents close to a perfect expression of a great tradition.

Monday, February 27, 2006

Kumquats and the propagation thereof

Sundays’ New York Times has a good article by Amanda Hesser on kumquats with the following remarkable information on traditional methods of propagation:

Kumquats, which are not citrus fruits but belong to another genus, originated in China and have been cultivated across Asia for centuries. They inspired some unorthodox grafting techniques: in "The Oxford Companion to Food," Alan Davidson cites this bit of instruction from the "Book of Nabatean Agriculture," a 10th-century Iraqi text: "The branch which is to be grafted must be in the hand of a beautiful damsel, whilst a male person has disgraceful and unnatural sexual intercourse with her; during intercourse the woman grafts the branch into the tree."

The author then drily remarks:

Modern growers have streamlined the cultivation process somewhat.

Friday, February 24, 2006

The High-End Kitchen

Are We Worthy of Our Kitchens is the title of an interesting article in The New Atlantis  by Christine Rosen about the seemingly-endless striving for the perfect kitchen by a population which increasingly spends very little time eating at home en famille.    She points to the vast outlays that some affluent people will make our their kitchen appliances, which aim to place the kind of equipment normally reserved for restaurants at the service of the middle-class household.   The sums involved are indeed impressive.   Some families will happily drop $100,000 on appliances alone.   Mind you for this you get quite a fancy set-up: six burner stovetops that can boil gallons of water is a minute or hold the most delicate sauce at a faint simmer.   Multiple electric ovens, dishwashers and refrigerators, exotic and expensive coffee makers – there is no apparent limit.   Is this is all quite pointless?  If, as Rosen suggests, the highest culinary peaks scaled in many expensive kitchens is the heating of TV dinners, then this might seem a little overboard.  However, I do think that there is something positive going on in general trend both in appliance design and in architecture but also is sociological terms.

Visiting a house of the 1960s, the role of the kitchen and its presumably female occupant, was quite clear.   The room was small, ill-appointed, and inconvenient, often very poorly lit.   In more modern or redesigned houses the kitchen itself tends to have a central place, where at the very least the statement is made that what goes on here is not a furtive process away from the eyes of family or guests.   Light has been shed on cooking, the preparation of food and the place that these activities hold in our social arrangements.   This has been accompanied by an interest in ingredients, preparation and authenticity in cooking.   People may eat out more than they did, but they tend, on the whole, to be much more discriminating about what they eat.  

From a selfish point of view, this trend towards high-end kitchen consumption is not to be sneered at.  If appliance makers were truly to depend for their market on those people who can justify spending tens of thousands on their kitchens by the amount of time they spend cooking in them excellent food, then we would all be cooking over two-burner gas grills.

I should declare that we have a Francis Francis! coffee maker that cost the equivalent of hundreds of cups of Starbucks.   It does, however, make excellent coffee and gets used daily.   I would like to upgrade my Jenn-Aire cooktop though.   Christine Rosen has got me thinking about about a La Cornue, now there is a serious piece of equipment.    

Monday, February 20, 2006

Hanger steak

I located Hanger Steak at a butcher at the West Side Market in Cleveland. I had to place an order by Monday for Saturday pick-up as the restaurants usually get them all.

Hanger steak in the market is not expensive, around $16.50 for 3½ pounds of meat. They needed extensive trimming but the end cost was less than $5/lb. You can buy hanger steak online for around $16/lb from several mail order sites.

The hanger steak is defined as “the thick strip of meat that is located on the underside of the carcass and hangs between the last rib and the loin”. It is part of the diaphragm and like the tenderloin is not a load-bearing muscle. This means that it is not toughened by exercise. It looks like a shortened, rather untidy filet mignon, not as long or deep but about the same width. There are a few straggling ends to contend with – altogether this cut of meat is not built for looks.

Some authorities recommend marinade but we cooked these simply, following Anthony Bourdain’s recipe for Onglet Gascon. I seared each seasoned hanger steak in two portions in a very hot cast-iron skillet, carefully turning it so that all sides and the end got cooked. This took about three minutes. I finished it in the oven set at 350F, for five minutes – which was not enough – it needed another four minutes. This is a thick steak! Meanwhile my daughter cooked frites and green beans.

Before serving I let the meat rest for five minutes and cut the steaks into 1” slices, topping each slice with a reduction from the pan of white wine and demi-glace. The center of the steak was dark red, but warm. The benefit of slicing it like this is that the diner is cutting it with the grain, as opposed to across it.

The result was very tender, without the soft mushiness of filet mignon. The meat has a definite bite to it and a firm taste. It seems to straddle the border between taste and tenderness - the only rival being a rib steak roast. The small amount of sauce gave a little favor and moisture, but it would be fine on its own, whereas filet mignon served plain can be disappointing. Inside the hanger steak is a tough membrane running down the center – another time I would take this out, as it defied any steak knife and looked unappetizing. (Bourdain suggests removing this fiber and butterflying the steaks before grilling, but I would then be cautious about overcooking it). This is quite a lot of food for four people – leftovers went into a lunch salad and were just as good cold.

Thursday, February 16, 2006

Chateau Peyre-Lebade

New regulations adopted in summer 2003 established 247 Cru Bourgeois in the Médoc in three classifications: cru bourgeois exceptionnel, cru bourgeois supérieure, and cru bourgeois. This is an extension on the bottom end of the 1855 classification of five categories of grands cru classés which includes only 61 chateaux, and replaces a somewhat chaotic system of cru bourgeois classifications. This list of 308 chateaux is some indication of the extent of high-quality wine produced in the Médoc.

Many of the crus bourgeois are famous: Phélan-Ségur and Chasse-Spleen for example (both exceptionnel). Chateau Peyre-Lebade is a plain cru bourgeois. The chateau was bought by Baron Edmond de Rothschild in 1979, and has been the subject of major renovation and investment. The wine is a little obscure – it doesn’t seem to be very widely available – and certainly isn’t as famous as the other Rothschild wines. The label design adheres to the Rothschild family style of black and red text with an engraving, all on a cream background.

The wine is predominantly Merlot, with Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet Franc. It is quite tannic, a little unappealing initially, but became softer with time in a decanter. A smooth and imposing wine emerged after about an hour, very balanced and round. No enormous length, but nothing abrupt or harsh, and not overly alcoholic. I would guess that Peyre-Lebade will age very well, and it isn’t clear how much of what comes in this bottle is from the great year – 2000 – or intrinsic excellence at the chateau, but in either case this is a very pleasurable drink. Not cheap, but excellent value at $19.99

Thursday, February 09, 2006

Sweetbreads!

At dinner on Tuesday evening in Johnny’s Bistro in Cleveland I found Veal Sweetbreads on the menu. A generous but not overwhelming portion of three sweetbreads wrapped in bacon and sautéed was served with a small salad. One of my colleagues said that she had always believed sweetbreads to be brains and others who think of them as “Prairie Oysters” or ox testicles. If you explain that these are actually the thymus gland from a calf, the enthusiasm still doesn’t rise noticeably, but there you have it.

Sweetbreads, as I bemoaned in a previous posting, are very difficult to obtain where I live. Even the main market in Cleveland doesn’t seem to have them. What happens to sweetbreads? Where do they go? This is one of life’s mysteries.

Once I asked a supermarket butcher for lamb kidneys, and he replied that they don’t have them anymore. Of course he meant that the lamb carcasses delivered to his store didn’t come with kidneys, but I had an immediate vision of the New Zealand sheep farmer tenderly rounding up his sheep every three days for their dialysis sessions.

Wednesday, February 08, 2006

Et in Arborio Ego


Last Sunday I cooked risotto - nothing remarkable there, this happens often. I made a chicken stock from basics, perhaps with a little more care than usual. I peeled carrots and onions, instead of just throwing them in as they are, and I roasted the vegetables separately from the chicken bones so they caramelized properly. If you cast your mind back you will recall that it was Superbowl Sunday - an event which does weird things to the chicken economy. The packs of wings that I often use for stock are astronomically expensive, so instead I bought packs of chicken legs, which were being almost given away. The resulting stock was very clear and flavorful, lacking the slightly unpleasant "stickiness" which comes when you use a lot of bones.

I made the risotto as usual, cooking shallot and garlic in butter then adding the rice, followed after some minutes by white wine, then the gradual ladles of stock…all very normal. I then found that I had no parmesan cheese – disaster! The thought of going out to the stores was unappealing. Toyed with adding a different cheese but in the end simply finished it without. Parmesan cheese is is a well-known source of glutamates – which add the taste that the Japanese call umami – an essential booster to many dishes. I expected this risotto to be very flat but on the contrary it was excellent. Without the dominant taste of cheese it seemed lighter and more delicate - not at all bland. In fact you can get glutamate from roasted vegetables, so this would probably not have worked as well without a stock that included these. I also compensated by adding olive oil and butter at the end. Texture was better than with cheese, and the color was pale creamy white as opposed to the usual glowing yellow.

I wouldn’t do this always – it is more of a risotto to eat with vegetables than one to have under osso bucco, but this was an interesting example of less being more.